Male pathway · Ages 14–18
One adolescent + one parent, guardian or mentor

Eagle Path

Gender norms are assimilated from a young age, and younger males may endorse masculine norms particularly strongly.

A bald eagle perched on a snow covered pine branch above a frozen mountain lake

EAGLE does not teach boys how to be men.

Some ways of performing masculinity may help.
Some may constrain.
Some may be neutral.
Context matters.

The outcome: “I can carry responsibility without believing I must carry everything alone.

▲ Capability

I can do difficult things.

◉ Agency

I can act for myself.

◐  Discernment

I know what is mine to carry.

◯◯ Interdependence

I know when another person belongs in the problem.

▲–▲ Help-seeking

Asking is a competent action, not evidence that competence failed.

Should masculinity be treated as a single uniform risk?

In a longitudinal study of 829 Australian boys and young men, different masculine norms showed different relationships with later suicidal ideation.

Self-reliance

Greater conformity to self-reliance was associated with 40% higher odds of later suicidal ideation for each one-unit increase, after adjustment for measured confounders.

Independence is not isolation. Capability can coexist with asking, disclosure and knowing when another person belongs in the problem.

Toughness

Greater conformity to violence norms was associated with 23% higher odds of later suicidal ideation for each one-unit increase.

Strength and toughness are not synonymous with violence. The developmental question is not whether boys should be strong, but what they learn strength is for.

It is how many ways of being strong they have available to them.

Source

King, T. L., Shields, M., Sojo, V., Daraganova, G., Currier, D., O’Neil, A., King, K., & Milner, A. (2020). Expressions of masculinity and associations with suicidal ideation among young males. BMC Psychiatry, 20, 228. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-2475-y

What counts as strength?

  1. Strength to endure.
  2. Strength to protect.
  3. Strength to restrain yourself.
  4. Strength to admit error.
  5. Strength to change position.
  6. Strength to ask.
  7. Strength to leave a contest you do not need to win.
  8. Strength to challenge another man.
  9. Strength to remain kind without becoming compliant.

We retain and work with:

courage · loyalty · protection · competence · physicality · perseverance · humour · service · craft · responsibility · adventure · ambition · leadership

while placing alongside:

care · tenderness · dependence · uncertainty · restraint · listening · asking · repair · cooperation · emotional honesty.

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